SOUTH EASTERN JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (SEJRSD)

SECONDARY SCHOOL MILIEU AS A CORRELATE OF STUDENTS’ ATTITUDE IN CHEMISTRY IN ANAMBRA STATE

2024-04-02T11:36:14+00:00

The secondary school milieu in which teaching and learning take place is an important factor that cannot be ignored if the aims and objectives of the school system are to be optimally achieved. Hence, a conducive, healthy and safe school environment is very paramount to students’ attitude to school. This study therefore, investigated school milieu as a correlate of students’ attitude to chemistry in Anambra State. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. The sample consisted of 365 Senior Secondary Two (SSII) chemistry Students from 24 public secondary schools in both Ekwusigo Local Government Area and Onitsha North Local Government Area of Anambra state. The instrument for data collection were school milieu (physical, social and academic) questionnaire and students’ attitude scale, which were validated by three experts. Cronbach alpha was used to test the reliability of the questionnaires which yielded reliability index of .840, .813, .818 and .698 for physical, social and academic school milieu and students' attitude respectively. The data obtained were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC), Simple Linear Regression (SLR) and Fisher Z-Test. It was found that there is a very low positive relationship between secondary school milieu and students’ attitudes to chemistry. The findings also revealed that there is a significant relationship between school milieu and students’ attitude to chemistry but not based on gender. Recommendations were made among which are that since conducive school milieu has positive effect on students’ attitude to chemistry, chemistry teachers should ensure that their classes are well-lit in order to help students’ vision and
ability to copy notes. Teachers should help in minimizing students’ noise while in school. School management should ensure that schools are sited in areas devoid of noise. Also, Government should provide every necessary facility needed for school to function well and effectively.

INFLUENCE OF CUSTOMERS’ PERCEPTION OF BANKS’ ADVERTISING PROGRAMMES ON CUSTOMER LOYALTY IN SOUTH – EAST, NIGERIA

2024-04-02T11:51:29+00:00

This study examined the influence of customers’ perception of banks’ advertising programmes on customer loyalty in Nigeria. The major objective of the study is to examine the effect of customers’ perception of bank advertising on customer loyalty with a view to improving banks’ services in Nigeria. Survey research design was utilized for this research and primary data collected through five- point likert scale questionnaire administered on 380 sampled loan customers. The sample size was determined through Topman’s formula. Cronbach’s Alpha was used to test the reliability of the research instrument. Data collected were subjected to statistical analyses with the adoption of descriptive and analytical techniques. Means and standard deviations were used to analyze the research questions, while Correlation Analysis was adopted to interpret the influence of the variables of interest. The study results showed there is strong positive correlation between customers’ perception of banks’ advertising and customer loyalty. This implies that customer’s perception of banks’ advertising activities, tactics and programmes have significant influence on customer loyalty. Major recommendations made include; banks should continuously liaise with customers to determine the appropriate advertising tactics, style and contents that customers will perceive to meet their needs in order to achieve customer loyalty; banks should adopt customerfriendly policies that would encourage customers; they should adopt modern and best practices in the course of advertising their products; among others. This study has implications for the formulation of customer service satisfaction policy in commercial banks in Nigeria as a lead-way
to increase the effectiveness and efficiency in the banking sector in Nigeria.

JUDGMENT, NATURAL EXPRESSION AND BEAUTY IN BENEDICT CROCE’S AESTHETICS: IMPLICATION FOR CONTEMPORARY WORKS OF ART

2024-04-29T16:48:33+00:00

Judgment, natural expression and beauty in arts, artworks, nature, objects and activities of everyday life are thorniest issues in aesthetics. Although the individual arts come with their own unique sets of philosophical problems, aesthetics connects to more general questions about knowledge, emotion, and value. Problems of the nature of aesthetic values, art knowledge, and nature of aesthetics experience and perception forms the problem of our discussion. The aim of this study is
to explore how Croce’s ideas provide a framework for understanding the interplay between artistic expression and aesthetic appreciation in the context of today’s diverse and evolving art landscape. This work argues the thesis that Croce’s emphasis on aesthetic judgment as an intuitive response to emotional and spiritual content challenges traditional notions of objective analysis in art work. This stems from the fact that the ‘philosophy of criticism’ does not do justice to the breadth of concerns addressed by philosophical aesthetics today. The justification of the study is in the way it aligned with contemporary discussions on subjectivity and the individual’s role in interpreting art. The significance of this paper is that despite the diversity of artistic forms and expressions, Croce’s
notion of intuitive judgment invites viewers to engage with art on a personal level, thereby infusing artwork with new layers of meaning. This shows that natural expression in Croce’s philosophy resonates in the exploration of authenticity in contemporary art. As artists navigate a complex world, Croce emphasize on genuine emotional expression as it provides a touchstone for assessing the sincerity of artistic intent; whether through traditional media or innovative techniques, the authenticity of expression remains crucial in creating a profound connection between artist and audience. This study using critical analysis will dig deep into the conceptualizations of beauty, as understood through Croce’s lens and some modern philosophers to appropriate modern–day aesthetic judgment. Subjectivity is the theoretical framework because expressions of judgment and beauty in arts generally resonance around the emotional impact and personal appeals. Thus, art challenges conventions and embraces unconventional aesthetics, this paper focused on how Croce’s philosophy provided a foundation for appreciating the authenticity of experiences.

ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS REQUIRED OF WOMEN IN INCOME GENERATING ACTIVITIES IN RURAL COMMUNITIES OF ANAMBRA STATE

2024-04-02T12:14:47+00:00

The study examined entrepreneurial skills required of women in income generating activities in rural communities of Anambra State. Three research questions guided the study. The study was a descriptive survey research design. The study was carried out in Anambra State, Nigeria. Four hundred and eighty (480) rural women were selected using simple random sampling technique. The instrument for data collection was a researcher-structured questionnaire titled ‘Entrepreneurial Skills Required of Women in Income Generating Activities Questionnaire (ESRWIGAQ).’ The instrument was validated by three experts. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean rating. The findings of the study revealed that rural women have the ability to actively participate in team work for income generation (

CRITICAL APPROACHES TO SACRED TEXTS: THE IMPLICATIONS OF HERMENEUTICS AND INTERPRETATIONS IN UNDERSTANDING OF RELIGION

2024-04-02T12:27:53+00:00

This study explores critical approaches to sacred texts, transcending traditional boundaries by examining the multifaceted layers of meaning, historical context, and cultural implications within revered writings across diverse cultures and religions. Rooted in religious doctrines, traditional approaches often fall short in
addressing broader cultural, historical, and ethical dimensions, necessitating a comprehensive guide incorporating critical methodologies. Drawing inspiration from influential scholars such as Smith, Said, and Frye, the study advocates for a critical lens that challenges assumptions, engages with socio-cultural contexts,
and considers the impact of colonial histories on interpreting sacred texts. As a case study, the Bhagavad Gita, a cornerstone of Hindu philosophy, is analyzed to address conflicting interpretations arising from theological, philosophical, and cultural perspectives. The study critically evaluates the influence of societal shifts, cultural norms, and historical contexts on the scripture's understanding. Ethical dimensions, particularly concerning caste, gender, and the justification of war, are examined in the context of evolving ethical standards and contemporary socio-cultural and geopolitical contexts. Objectives include uncovering multidimensional
interpretations, evaluating the impact of cultural and historical contexts, and assessing ethical implications and contemporary relevance. Research questions explore contributions of critical approaches, the influence of cultural and historical contexts on sacred texts, and ethical dimensions in their interpretations. Encompassing major world religions, the study's significance lies in bridging gaps in existing scholarship, fostering interfaith dialogue, addressing questions of morality and social justice, and serving as valuable educational resources. Using an interdisciplinary approach drawing from literary theory, philosophy, anthropology, and sociology, the analysis reveals narrative richness, symbolic motifs, and ethical implications within sacred texts. Integration of perspectives from historical-critical analysis, literary scrutiny, and comparative religion enriches the understanding of these texts. Ethical considerations are emphasized to ensure responsible scholarship and respectful engagement with religious beliefs. Implications extend beyond academia, fostering interfaith understanding and global citizenship by recognizing diverse interpretations, acknowledging ethical complexities, and promoting respectful dialogue. Critical approaches contribute to a more inclusive and harmonious world, serving as a pathway to deeper understanding and cultivating interconnectedness and shared humanity in exploring sacred texts.

CYBER SECURITY IN INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) DEVICES

2024-04-02T12:40:18+00:00

The booming Internet of Things (IoT) connects everyday objects, transforming various aspects of life. However, this transformation raises concerns about the cyber security of these interconnected devices. This paper explores the key challenges and potential solutions in securing the future of IoT. The massive influx of poorly secured devices creates vulnerable entry points for cyber attacks, jeopardizing entire networks and sensitive data. Additionally, the constant data collection inherent in IoT raises significant privacy concerns about potential misuse of user information. The diverse landscape of manufacturers and technologies further complicates establishing universal security standards and implementing effective mitigation strategies. Moreover, the ever-evolving tactics of malicious actors necessitate constant vigilance and adaptation to stay ahead of emerging threats. To combat these challenges, the industry is witnessing a rise in promising solutions. Manufacturers are prioritizing "security by design," building devices with inherent safeguards and regularly addressing vulnerabilities. Collaborative efforts are pushing for standardized security protocols and frameworks to create a more secure and interoperable ecosystem. User education and
awareness campaigns play a crucial role in empowering individuals to participate in the defense against cyber threats. Finally, cutting-edge technologies like AI-powered threat detection and block chain-based data security offer promising avenues for enhanced protection. This paper provides a concise overview of the current state of IoT security, highlighting both the significant challenges and the emerging solutions that pave the way for a more secure and trustworthy future of interconnected systems.

AVAILABILITY AND UTILIZATION OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NATIONAL UPPER BASIC INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CURRICULUM IN SOUTH EAST NIGERIA

2024-04-02T12:54:12+00:00

This study investigated on availability and utilization of instructional materials for the implementation of the national upper basic information technology curriculum in south east Nigeria. The study was carried out in south eastern Nigeria. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. Two research questions guided the study. The population of the study comprised all the government co-educational secondary schools in south east Nigeria. Simple random
sampling technique by balloting was use to select twenty schools each in all the five south eastern states of Nigeria making a total of 100 co-educational government own upper basic schools. In each school selected, two information technology upper basic teachers were used in the study making it a total of forty teachers in one state. In total were 200 upper basic information technology teachers. The instrument used in collecting data for the study was a structured questionnaire developed by the researchers which had 28 items. The instrument is titled “Instructional Materials Used for the Implementation of the National Upper Basic Information Technology Curriculum (IMUINUBITC)”. The questionnaire was made up of three sections, A, B and C. A dealt with personal data while section B had 14 items which focused on availability and section C comprised 14 items which sought information on utilization. The validity of the instrument was established by three experts. The data were trial tested with ten (10) teachers from Delta State outside south eastern Nigeria. Cronbach alpha reliability co-efficient was used to determine the reliability and it yielded 0.60 and 0.70 for the two clusters. The overall reliability is 0.65. The findings among other
things revealed that some of the instructional materials which were meant to use in the implementation of the national upper basic information technology curriculum were not available for use in most of the schools. From the findings recommendations were made.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CATALOGUERS’ COMPETENCE AND THEIR JOB PERFORMANCE IN THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN SOUTH-EAST, NIGERIA

2024-04-02T13:11:05+00:00

The researcher observed poor performance of librarians in ensuring the accessibility and usability of library information materials for library users. Could it be that cataloguers lack the requisite competencies for the job? Thus, the purpose of the study was to determine relationship between cataloguers’ competence and their job performance in the university libraries in South-East, Nigeria. Descriptive research design and correlation research design were adopted for the study.
The population for the study comprised 120 catalogue librarians. No sampling was done given the manageable population. Cognitive Test on Cataloguers’ Competence” (CTCC) and “Cataloguers’ Job Performance Questionnaire” (CJPQ) were used for data collection. CTCC and CJPQ were validated by three experts. The reliabilities of CTCC and CJPQ were respectively established using Kuder-Richardson-20 and Cronbach Alpha method to yield scores of 0.84 and 0.74. Data collected were analyzed using Percentages, mean, bar chart Pearson Product Moment Correlation coefficient. The findings of the study revealed that a low negative and non-significant relationship existed between cataloguers’ competence and their job performance in universities in South East Nigeria. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended among others that Cataloguing librarians should make conscious effort towards acquiring requisite competences for their jobs via on-the-job trainings with a view to improving their job performance.

WORK STRESS AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN PORT HARCOURT LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF RIVERS STATE

2024-04-11T00:12:01+00:00

This study aimed to investigate work stress among secondary school teachers in Port Harcourt local government Area of Rivers State. The study employed descriptive survey design. Three research questions guided the study. 1,142 teachers in public secondary schools in Port Harcourt Local Government Area consists of the population. The sample size for this study was 400 secondary school teachers. Taro-Yemen’s formula for calculation of sample size was used. The multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 10 secondary schools and the proportionate sampling technique was used to select 400 teachers in the schools. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire titled Work Stress among Secondary School Teachers Questionnaire (WSSSTQ). The Reliability of the instrument was established using Cronbach Alpha method and its coefficient was 0.75. Data collected were analyzed using Mean and Standard Deviation. The results of the study shows that teachers agreed that having too little time to do what is expected was the highest physical. (mean = 2.64), hostile relationship with colleagues was the highest psychosocial sources of stress (mean = 2.65) and uncertainty in the area of responsibility as their major source
of stress (mean=2.71). It was concluded that teachers experienced physical, psychosocial and ergonomic stress. The study recommended among others that appropriate workload at all levels should be established for teachers to enable them perform optimally.

STRESS LEVELS AND STRESS MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS OF NNAMDI AZIKIWE UNIVERSITY, AWKA, ANAMBRA STATE, NIGERIA

2024-04-29T15:52:54+00:00

The study investigated the stress levels and stress management strategies among undergraduate students of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. Three research question guided the study. The population of the study was 28,718. Thus, accidental sampling technique was used to select 100 undergraduate students of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria. A self-structured questionnaire titled stress level and stress management strategy questionnaire (SLSMSQ) was used for data collection. The instrument was validated by three experts. Reliability of the instrument was established using Cronbach Alpha coefficient that yielded coefficient values of .82. The data collected were analyzed using percentage and mean scores. The findings showed that undergraduate students of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria are faced with a lot of stress and the major stressors are financial concern from the recent increase of tuition fees, transportation fees, peculiar dues, printing of lecture material and increase in foodstuff. The study also revealed moderate level of stress among the students due to pressure to succeed and excel academically. The findings of the
study showed that the most commonly used stress strategy is relaxation and recreational technique. It was concluded that students experience a variety of stresses, leading to a moderate overall stress level and the three main stressors were pressure to perform academically well, financial worries, and academic demands. Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations were made among others; time management skills should be included in orientation programs to equip students with tools to handle their responsibilities more effectively.